Feed-motion foe planing-machines



UNITED STATES PATENT OFECE.

S. C. HURLBUT AND W. W. HURLBUT, OF BOONVILLE, NEW YORK.

FEED-MOTION FOR PLANINGMACIIINES, &C.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 13,618,4dated October 2, 1855.

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known thatwe, SETH C. HURLBUT and WESTEL NV. HURLBUT, of the townof Boonville, in the county of Oneida and State of New York,` haveinvented a new and useful Machine for Planing, Besawing, and Tonguingand Grooving Boards, Planks, and other Lumber; and we do hereby declarethat the following is a full, clear, and exact description of theconstruction and operation of the same, reference being had to theannexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figurel, is a perspective view, Fig. 2, a vertical section of one half of themachine, and Fig. 3, a longitudinal view, intended to show the gearingand some other parts of the machine.

Like letters and figures refer to the same parts of the machine. i

The operative parts of the machine, are mounted upon a frame about eightfeet in length, three feet wide and two and one half feet high,consisting of two side bars extending the whole length as above andconnected by four or more cross-bars, the whole being supported by sixposts or legs, and may be constructed of wood or iron, the dimensions,however being governed by the nature of the business to be performed, bythe machine.

Letters A, A in Fig. l, are feeding rollers, of iron, about eight inchesin diameter, and of suilicient length to admit of boards of such widt-has may be desired,`being passed between them, and are placed side byside, standing perpendicularly, with their base or lower ends, levelwith the top of the frame above described, and are held in their properpositions by means of shafts 22, 22 one of which passes downward throughthe center of each roller, and has suitable bearings 26, 26 above andbelow the ends of the rollers in which they revolve. The rods 24, 24pass through the plates, 23, 23 which are connected to the bearings ofthe feed rollers, 26, 26, said rods passing back of, and at right angleswith the shafts of the feed rollers, A, A and are secured at their ends,by means of a nut and screw on each end against the outside of theupright standards 25, 25 through which they pass, both above and belowthe ends of the feed rollers, A, A. The plate 23 as seen on the fartherside of the machine, extends downward and forms the bearing on the lowerrod, in the same manner as its upper end on rod 24. The roller A on thefarther side of the machine, may be adjusted by means of a screw,passing through the standard 25 into the plate 23 and thereby moving theroller A in either direction lengthwise of the rod 24 and holding it ina proper p0- sition. This roller above described should be smooth on itssurface, and the roller A, on the front side of the machine, has itssurface fluted lengthwise, and is adjusted by means of the spiral spring3, passing through the standard 25, and pressing against the plate 23,thereby holding the roller A, sufficiently firm against the board tocarry it forward when in motion. The spring 3, may be tightened orliberated by turning the nut &c. on the screw or rod passing throughlengthwise of the spring 3.

B, B are circular saws the diameters of which, should each exceed thelength of the feed rollers A, A about one fourth and are placed directlyback of the rollers A, A.

The shafts of the saws b, b are raised above the top of the frame,allowing the lower edge of the saws to remain two inches or less belowthe level of the top of the frame.

The saw B, on the front side of the machine, should be one fourth inchor more in thickness, and hung at the extreme end of its shaft b, bymeans of screws passing through the saw into the collar 5, which issecurely attached to the shaft 6, by means of a key or otherwise,thereby leaving the entire surface of the saw, on its side opposite thecollar 5, smooth and admitting of nearly its whole diameter being usedat the same time. The teeth of the saw are all set toward the smoothside, and are filed with the edge or point on that side the longest toprevent the saw being crowded from the board.

Back of the saws B, B are arranged and secured in the manner as abovedescribed with their smooth sides placed toward each other, there beingin each saw at l, l a tooth sharpened in the form of a chisel, whichserves to partly smooth the sides of the nearest board or plank.

The shafts, b, b are each hung and adjusted as follows:

27, is a slotted bar extending across the frame of the machine, directlyunder the center of the saws B, B the top of which is below the top ofthe frame.

O, is an upright standard, through which the shaft, b, passes and whichforms its bearing nearest the saw B.

The saw, B, is adjusted for dressing different thicknesses of lumber, bydrawing the bearing, 0, to the desired position, on the slotted bar 27,by means of the screw, 29, and is secured by a nut and screw on itslower end, on the under side of the slotted bar, 27.

28, represents the bearing supporting the outer end of the shaft 6, andis fastened to the side bar of the frame by means of bolts.

21, 21 are pulleys on the shafts I), which receive the belts for drivingthe saws B, B.

C, C are a second pair of feed rollers, the surfaces of vwhich aresmooth, and are., in all other respects of the same dimensions, and arearranged and adjusted in the same manner as the rollers, A, A beforedescribed.

17, 17 are plates which form the bearings on the upper and lower rodssupporting the rollers C, C the same as at 23; on rod 24, and extendbackward on a line with the sides of the rollers, C, C nearest to eachother, nearly to the edges of the knives or stationary plane-irons, E, Eserving as, or forming self-adjustable throats to the same, andpreventing the grain of the wood from being raised, as the shavings areremoved from the board by the finishing planes E, lil', which arearrangedas follows:

The stocks, K, K to which the plane irons E, E are attached are of iron,of equal length with the above described feed rollers, and are placedupright upon the slotted bar, 14 Awhich extends across the frame of themachine. Each of the stocks, K, K are adjusted or moved lengthwise ofthe bar 14 by means of the screws as seen at 30, passing through t-heside bar o-f the frame, into a nut att-ached to the lower end, of eachof the said stocks, and are secured in their proper places, by means ofscrews or bolts passing upward, through a sliding block on the underside of the slotted bar 14, into the stocks o-f the knives K,` K whichare fastened directly opposite to each other, and are held at theirupper ends, by screws 31, 81 passing downward through the cross bar ofthe frame, 16, which is attached to the top of the upright standards,which support the rollers C, C.

The knives E, E and their respective caps, or additional parts, formingeach a double plane-iron, are of the same length of the stocks K, K, andare secured t-o them by means of bolts passing through both the knifeand cap, into the stock, and are set or adjusted for operation by meansof setscrews against their back edges, as seen at 32.

Directly back of the knife stocks, K, K, are F, F, each of which iscomposed of three or more circular saws, .which are secured to theirrespective shafts 8, 8 by means of collars and nuts in the usual methodof attaching circular saws-to their shafts.

The saws above mentioned are eight inches or more in diameter, andbyplacing in one of the combinations, the center saw of larger diameterthan each of the others, and in the other combination, one of a lessdiameter, the tonguing and grooving, is performed, or the edges of theboard or plank may be dressed plain or irregular in form, by properlyadjusting, or changing the saws when desired.

The shafts 8, 8 have Ybearings through which they pass, as g, g on theperpendicular rods L, L, which are attached at their lower ends, to aplate projecting from the under side of the slotted bar 14, and aresecured at their upper ends by passing through the frame 16. The shaft 8is fastened at the desired height by means of set-screws, through theboxes or bearings, g, g against the rods, L, L on which they may slide.

20, 20 are pulleys on shafts 8, 8 by which they are driven.

9, 9 are rollers of the same length as the feed rollers above describedand of about one half their diameter being placed directly back of thematching saws F, F to serve as guides to the board as it approaches thesplitting saw H, which is an ordinary circular saw, of sufficientdiameter to split boards of such width as may be desired, either square.or diagonally for clap-boards, or other purposes.

The saw is secured to its shaft in the ordinary manner, and the end ofthe shaft u, together with the self-adjusting box or bearing, S, may beraised `and held in the position required, by means of screws or boltsthrough the slotted bar on the inner side of the frame, as seen near S.The bearing at the opposite end of shaft u, is also self-adjustable,being hung on centers, or a point at each end, on which it may revolve.

The saw, H, is brought into line with the center of the board to besplit by means of the movable collars W, permitting the shaft U, to bemoved lengthwise in its bearings, and held in its proper place byfastening the movable collar with a set-screw o-n the shaft, against thebearing of the shaft.

T represents a wedge to open the boards after being split, and toprevent their being caught, by the teeth of the Letter', X, in Fig. 2,represents. a guide, through which the edge of the saw, H, runs, and isplaced below the board, 22, in same ligure, represents the pulley, onshaft, U,

Vby which the saw, H, is driven.

' the saw, H, thereby tending to confine the board, down onto the bed ofthe machine 17, 17, 17, in its passage through the machine.

Fig. 2, shows the manner of gearing the feed rollers, A, A and C, C, andconveying motion to them.

10, 10 and 10, 10, are spiral or spur gears, on the shafts of the feedrollers, as seen in Fig. 8, A, and C.

L, L and, L, L, are worm wheels on the horizontal shaft, 11, 11, withright and left hand threads, by which the feed rollers, A, A are turnedin opposite directions, likewise, C, C, in the same manner and eachacting to convey the board through the machine. The worm-wheels, L, L,are of sufficient length on the shafts, 11, 11, to admit of the rollersA, A and, C, C', being moved apart, to admit of, or receive, planks ifdesired of any thickness, and still remain in gear, thereby removing thenecessity of changing the gears of feed rollers to planing machines,when different thicknesses of lumber are to be dressed.

12, 12, and, 12, 12 are miter gears, by which motion is communicatedfrom shaft 11, to 11 giving motion to the feed rollers, A, A.

13, is a pulley on shaft 11, and receives the belt, giving motion to therollers.

14, is a view of the slotted bar or bed plate, before mentioned, towhich the plane stocks, K, K are attached, and the manner Aof fasteningthem more plainly shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

The speed or motion of the several operating parts of the machine,should be nearly as follows: The cutting saws, B, B which reduce theboard to a uniform thickness, should revolve, eight hundred or moretimes per minute. rlhe combined saws, F, F, should make nearly twice thenumber of revolutions of the saws, B, B in the same time. The splittingsaw H, may be driven at the rate of one thousand revolutions per minuteor upward, and the pulley, 13, may be driven with suiiicient speed, toturn the surfaces of the feed rollers, A, A and, B, B at the rate ofthirty feet per minute.

After putting the machine in'motion as above described, the board orplank is entered, edgewise between the feed rollers, A, A, with itslower edge resting upon the bed of the machine, as seen at 19. The saws,B, B being properly adjusted, reduces the same to an even thickness asit is carried between them, by the rollers, A, A. rlhe rollers, C, Cnext receive the board after it passes the saws, B, B and assist incarrying it between the smoothing planes E, E, each of which beingproperly adjusted, finishes the surface of the board neXt to it. The

board after passing between the planes, is dressed upon its edges, bythe saws, F, F, which by being arranged as above described, may tongueand groove the edges of the board, or by changing the saws in thecombinations F, F, the edges of the board may be dressed plain orirregular as desired. The shaft 8, having been raised to its properposition, as before described. The board neXt passes between the guiderollers, 9, 9, and is split or resawed, diagonally, by, previouslyadjusting the saw, H, as before described.

The machine may be used for dressing lumber on one side only, whendesired, and may be adjusted for that purpose as follows: The saw B onthe farther side of the machine, may be drawn back from the line of therollers, A and C, by means of the screws before described, and remainsinactive. The saw B, on the front side of the machine being in motionreduces the board to an even thickness. The smoothing plane E on thefarther side of the machine is drawn back, and its stock, K, is set upona line with the bearings of the rollers A and C', against the board. Thesaws, F, F, having been arranged for tonguing and grooving the edges ofthe board or plank, saw H, and the wedge T, are then removed, or drawntoward the farther side of the machine, the saw H, remaining inactive.

The saw B, as described, on the fart-her side of the machine, is one ofordinary thickness, and is used only to smooth t-he surface of the boardon the side neXt to it. The saw on the opposite side of the board, andon the front side of the machine is made thicker, and not only serves tosmooth the surface of the board on the side next to it, but its eXtrathickness is needed to remove from the board, all unevenness which maySETH C. HURLBUT. WESTEL WV. HURLBUT.

Vitnesses:

DEXTER GILMORE, E. J. STODDARD.

